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SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR SYSTEM
How to study this subject
The SAR systems are placed on
satellites for the imaging process. Microwave satellites register images
in the microwave region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Two mode of
microwave sensors exit- the active and the passive modes. SAR is an
active sensor which carry on board an instrument that sends a microwave
pulse to the surface of the earth and register the reflections from the
surface of the earth.
One way of collecting images from the space under darkness or closed cover is to install the SAR on a satellite . As the satellite moves along its orbit, the SAR looks out sideways from the direction of travel, acquiring and storing the radar echoes which return from a strip of earth's surface that was under observation.
The raw data collected by SAR are severely unfocussed and considerable processing is required to generate a focused image. The processing has traditionally been done on ground and a downlink with a high data rate is required. This is a time consuming process as well. The high data rate of the downlink can be reduced by using a SAR instrument with on-board processing.
X-BAND SAR INSTRUMENT DEMONSTRATOR
The X-band SAR instrument demonstrator forms the standardized part or basis for a future Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) instrument with active front- end. SAR is an active sensor. Active sensors carry on-board an instrument that sends a microwave pulse to the surface of the earth and register the reflections from the surface of the earth. Different sensor use different bands in the microwave regions of the electromagnetic spectrum for collecting data. In the X-band SAR instrument, the X-band is used for collecting data. The demonstrator embraces the active front-end panel, the central electronics and the Electrical Ground Support Equipment (EGSE).The active front-end panel consist of the radiators, the T/R modules, panel control electronics, panel power conditioner, distribution network and the calibration network. The panel is flight representative in form, fit and function to lower the development risk for future SAR instrument applications.
One way of collecting images from the space under darkness or closed cover is to install the SAR on a satellite . As the satellite moves along its orbit, the SAR looks out sideways from the direction of travel, acquiring and storing the radar echoes which return from a strip of earth's surface that was under observation.
The raw data collected by SAR are severely unfocussed and considerable processing is required to generate a focused image. The processing has traditionally been done on ground and a downlink with a high data rate is required. This is a time consuming process as well. The high data rate of the downlink can be reduced by using a SAR instrument with on-board processing.
X-BAND SAR INSTRUMENT DEMONSTRATOR
The X-band SAR instrument demonstrator forms the standardized part or basis for a future Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) instrument with active front- end. SAR is an active sensor. Active sensors carry on-board an instrument that sends a microwave pulse to the surface of the earth and register the reflections from the surface of the earth. Different sensor use different bands in the microwave regions of the electromagnetic spectrum for collecting data. In the X-band SAR instrument, the X-band is used for collecting data. The demonstrator embraces the active front-end panel, the central electronics and the Electrical Ground Support Equipment (EGSE).The active front-end panel consist of the radiators, the T/R modules, panel control electronics, panel power conditioner, distribution network and the calibration network. The panel is flight representative in form, fit and function to lower the development risk for future SAR instrument applications.
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