The 4 data types in C++ are given below:
- Primitive Datatype(basic datatype). Example- char, short, int, float, long, double, bool, etc.
- Derived datatype. Example- array, pointer, etc.
- Enumeration. Example- enum
- User-defined data types. Example- structure, class, etc.
2. What are class and object in C++?
A class is a user-defined data type that has data members and member functions. Data members are the data variables and member functions are the functions that are used to perform operations on these variables.
An object is an instance of a class. Since a class is a user-defined data type so an object can also be called a variable of that data type.
A class is defined as-
class A{ private: int data; public: void fun(){ } };3. What is the difference between struct and class?
In C++ a structure is the same as a class except for a few differences like security. The difference between struct and class are given below:
Structure Class Members of the structure are public by default. Members of the class are private by default. When deriving a struct from a class/struct, default access specifiers for base class/struct are public. 4. What is operator overloading?
Operator Overloading is a very essential element to perform the operations on user-defined data types. By operator overloading we can modify the default meaning to the operators like +, -, *, /, <=, etc.
For example -
The following code is for adding two complex number using operator overloading-
class complex{ private: float r, i; public: complex(float r, float i){ this->r=r; this->i=i; } complex(){} void displaydata(){ cout<<”real part = “<<r<<endl; cout<<”imaginary part = “<<i<<endl; } complex operator+(complex c){ return complex(r+c.r, i+c.i); } }; int main(){ complex a(2,3); complex b(3,4); complex c=a+b; c.displaydata(); return 0; }
